Authors: Thomas A. Dunder, Ph.D. | février 5, 2021
In January 2021, the EPA issued draft method OTM-45, the first air emissions test method designed specifically for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The method provides detailed guidance to testers and laboratories to measure low concentrations of multiple PFAS compounds. Numerous stationary sources have been implicated in PFAS emissions that have resulted in deposition with subsequent water and soil contamination as well as human exposure. These facilities have included a wide range of industries, such as plants manufacturing fluorinated chemicals, manufacturers who utilize PFAS compounds in coatings and other water- and stain-resistant products, metal plating, incinerators, and hazardous waste combustors. There is a significant quantity of PFAS wastes, including millions of gallons of aqueous film forming foam (AFFF), awaiting disposal. The OTM-45 method will be used as one tool to determine if and how PFAS waste can be safely disposed of or destroyed. Other air emissions sources suspected of containing PFAS compounds can now be evaluated, allowing appropriate emissions control devices to be installed to greatly limit PFAS contamination of the atmosphere and the environment.
The method is based on a similar test method (SW846 Method 0010 for semi-volatile organic compounds) with several notable changes. In the OTM-45 method, a modified Method 5 sampling train is used to collect PFAS compounds in several fractions which are analyzed separately. This train includes two sorbent cartridges utilizing XAD-2 to capture and concentrate PFAS compounds (the second cartridge serves to assess breakthrough of any PFAS collected on the first cartridge and the impingers), a filter, probe and nozzle rinse, impingers charged with highly purified water, and one impinger with silica gel. Analysis is conducted using liquid chromatography/dual mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).
PFAS compounds are both ubiquitous in the environment and present in many commonly used materials in stack testing and laboratory procedures. Detailed procedures are provided to minimize sample and analytical contamination by avoiding fluorine containing materials such as Teflon and utilizing specific cleaning methodologies for glassware and other materials that may contact the samples. Extensive quality assurance procedures are included to verify absence of contamination via the analysis of blanks for air sampling media, rinse solvents, and blank trains.
Quantitative Reporting Limits (QRLs) ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 nanograms (ng) per sampling train are quoted for 26 different PFAS compounds. Significantly higher QRLs were quoted for two additional PFAS compounds. Emission rate detection limits will be determined by the combination of laboratory detection capabilities and the volume of stack gas sampled. Although QRLs are provided for only 28 PFAS compounds, the method lists 50 PFAS compounds that can be detected; currently detection is limited by the availability of quantitative laboratory standards. TRC anticipates that the list of applicable analytes will expand considerably as laboratory capabilities are further developed. EPA has acknowledged that this draft method will continue to be evaluated and will evolve as testing programs are conducted and the results evaluated. In an unusual step, EPA has requested the submission of test reports from projects utilizing the method to evaluate performance.
TRC’s Air Measurement Services testing teams are well versed in the procedures incorporated in OTM-45 and immediately ready to conduct test programs using the method.
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PFAS Compounds & Toxics Release Inventory
avril 26, 2021
The National Defense Authorization Act of 2020 added 172 PFAS compounds to the list of chemicals that must be evaluated for reporting.
PFAS Sampling Advisory on Aqueous Samples
avril 1, 2021
Advisory on collecting aqueous samples (e.g., groundwater, wastewater, stormwater, etc.) for PFAS analysis.
Interim Guidance on Destruction and Disposal of PFAS & Materials Containing PFAS
février 19, 2021
Interim Guidance from EPA identifies 6 materials that use or manufacture PFAS and approaches for disposal.
EPA Issues PFAS Air Emissions Draft Test Method OTM-45
février 5, 2021
First Air Emissions Draft Test for the Measurement of Selected Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Stationary Sources
Microplastics Fate and Transport
janvier 31, 2021
This presentation discusses the fate and transport of microplastics and provides case studies of microplastic sampling projects.
EPA continues to aggressively address PFAS wastewater with two new strategies
janvier 4, 2021
EPA takes steps toward PFAS wastewater and storm water permitting, and analytical methods for testing.
PFAS at Metal-Plating Facilities: Environmental Management and Regulatory Developments
novembre 13, 2020
TRC is a national leader in per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) characterization, research and technical consulting.
TRC Companies Inc. Acquires 1Source Safety and Health
novembre 11, 2020
TRC Companies (« TRC”), a leading technology-driven provider of end-to-end engineering, consulting and construction management solutions, has acquired 1Source Safety and Health, a firm that provides management consulting services in areas such as indoor air quality, asbestos management, industrial hygiene and safety management systems.
Ecological Risk of PFAS from AFFF-Impacted Sites
juin 30, 2020
The facts on evaluating exposure to wildlife
TRC’s Reporting Tool Can Help Identify New PFAS under the TRI
mai 19, 2020
While utilities often work in technical silos, NERC auditors are trained to cross check compliance evidence and data between interrelated standards.
World Health Organization Examines Danger of Microplastics in Drinking Water
novembre 5, 2019
There’s growing concern that microscopic plastic particles could be having a detrimental effect on drinking water quality.
Michigan Steps Up Fight Against PFAS Contamination
mai 8, 2018
Michigan is cracking down on PFAS contamination with a pair of new regulatory actions aimed at protecting the state’s water supply.
Évaluations des risques pour votre permis environnemental
février 1, 2024
Les évaluations des risques environnementaux aident à protéger les installations, les travailleurs et l’environnement. Apprenez-en plus sur l’importance des évaluations des risques environnementaux dès aujourd’hui.
Filling Vapor Intrusion Data Gaps During Property Transaction Due Diligence
octobre 18, 2023
Environmental due diligence for property transactions is an incredibly dynamic business process
Environmental Site Assessments for Forest and Rural Properties
juillet 25, 2023
Key considerations for leveraging ASTM E2247 vs. E1527
The Rise of Agrivoltaics
juillet 18, 2023
This article explores the tensions between traditional agriculture and solar development, as well as the financial benefits for farmers who lease their land for solar projects.
Changes to EPA’s Risk Management Program (RMP) Regulations Are Coming
avril 14, 2023
Changes to the Risk Management Program (RMP) regulations were signed into a final rule on February 27, 2024, by EPA Administrator Michael S. Regan.
Routinely Evaluating the Health & Effectiveness of Integrated Systems to Manage EHS/ESG Risks – Part 2
mars 15, 2023
Systematic monitoring and continuous improvement is important to achieve an effective EHS/ESG management system within an organization.
Deadline Approaching for Utilities to Report SF₆ Emissions to EPA
mars 8, 2023
The EPA regulates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions under the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) and has recently decided to place renewed emphasis on sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆).
Recognizing, Identifying, Prioritizing and Addressing EHS & ESG Risks
mars 3, 2023
A clear view and understanding of the environmental, health and safety (EHS) risks created by a business is paramount to its success and longevity.
Routinely Evaluating the Health & Effectiveness of Integrated Systems to Manage EHS/ESG Risks – Part I
mars 1, 2023
Once established, an EHS/ESG management system must be routinely evaluated to ensure it remains effective to identify and control risks, as well as accommodate and adjust for changes that occur to/within the organization.
ASTM Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Updates
février 1, 2023
Environmental due diligence is the first step in identifying potential environmental liabilities prior to the acquisition of real estate or business transfers.
Phase I ESA ASTM Standard Update: The Wait is Over
Décembre 21, 2022
The USEPA published a Final Rule making the ASTM E1527-21 Phase I ESA standard AAI compliant.
Optimizing EHS/ESG Information Management and Reporting Systems by Leveraging Innovative Digital Technology Solutions
août 10, 2022
A single, integrated enterprise wide EHS/ESG IMS can significantly improve performance and communicate progress towards organizational requirements and goals.
Regulatory Compliance Items to Consider as Part of Transactional Due Diligence
juillet 19, 2022
Performing a limited environmental regulatory review can identify potential deficiencies with the environmental management of an acquisition.
Support an Integrated EHS/ESG Management System
juin 10, 2022
While a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) is a common method for identifying environmental liabilities during transactional due diligence, the ASTM International standard for Phase I ESAs (E1527-13, with proposed E1527-21 awaiting adoption) omits regulatory compliance from its scope. For properties containing operations that may be applicable to environmental compliance regulations, performing a limited environmental regulatory review can identify potential deficiencies with the environmental management of the facility. A limited environmental compliance review typically evaluates the presence of material findings that may exist in a facility’s management of its environmental compliance requirements. Material findings are defined as a condition of non-compliance that could necessitate expenditures, not including attorney fees or regulatory agency penalties, in excess of a specified dollar amount or materiality threshold. The materiality threshold is based on the client’s risk tolerance and is often in the range of $50,000. However, this amount is arbitrary and can be revised as appropriate. Non-material deficiencies, those identified below the materiality threshold, would still require action but are within the client’s risk tolerance.
How to Use an Integrated Approach To Manage EHS and ESG Risks
avril 20, 2022
While a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) is a common method for identifying environmental liabilities during transactional due diligence, the ASTM International standard for Phase I ESAs (E1527-13, with proposed E1527-21 awaiting adoption) omits regulatory compliance from its scope. For properties containing operations that may be applicable to environmental compliance regulations, performing a limited environmental regulatory review can identify potential deficiencies with the environmental management of the facility. A limited environmental compliance review typically evaluates the presence of material findings that may exist in a facility’s management of its environmental compliance requirements. Material findings are defined as a condition of non-compliance that could necessitate expenditures, not including attorney fees or regulatory agency penalties, in excess of a specified dollar amount or materiality threshold. The materiality threshold is based on the client’s risk tolerance and is often in the range of $50,000. However, this amount is arbitrary and can be revised as appropriate. Non-material deficiencies, those identified below the materiality threshold, would still require action but are within the client’s risk tolerance.
New Phase I ESA Standard Will Affect Environmental Due Diligence
janvier 25, 2022
After years of review, revisions and discussions, the new ASTM E1527 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (Phase I ESA) standard has been published. The new standard includes updates to definitions, clarifications on processes and requirements, and guidance for emerging contaminants.
Managing EHS & ESG Risks Through Integrated Systems Today and Beyond
juillet 22, 2021
It has been more than 50 years since the development and establishment of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the federal Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) which were formed to protect our environment and workplaces across the United States. Significant laws, policies and regulations followed to establish the “regulatory programs” that all applicable businesses and entities must address and meet to ensure these compliance-driven legislative programs would create a foundation to protect our society.
Impacts environnementaux de la transition vers les énergies renouvelables
mai 15, 2021
La transition vers les sources d’énergie renouvelables aura des répercussions environnementales et économiques notables. Pour comprendre les implications possibles, vous aurez besoin d’une connaissance de base de la façon dont les combustibles fossiles affectent l’environnement.
Controlling volatile organic emissions from RCRA hazardous waste activities
mai 14, 2021
EPA identifies National Compliance Initiative FY2020-2023 for reducing hazardous air emissions from hazardous waste facilities.
PFAS Sampling Advisory on Aqueous Samples
avril 1, 2021
Advisory on collecting aqueous samples (e.g., groundwater, wastewater, stormwater, etc.) for PFAS analysis.
Interim Guidance on Destruction and Disposal of PFAS & Materials Containing PFAS
février 19, 2021
Interim Guidance from EPA identifies 6 materials that use or manufacture PFAS and approaches for disposal.
EPA Issues PFAS Air Emissions Draft Test Method OTM-45
février 5, 2021
First Air Emissions Draft Test for the Measurement of Selected Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Stationary Sources
TRC Companies Inc. Expands Environmental and Renewable Energy Capabilities with the Acquisition of Shoener Environmental
Décembre 2, 2020
Today TRC Companies, announces the expansion of its environmental and renewable energy capabilities with the acquisition of Shoener Environmental.
TRC Talks – Renewable Energy
novembre 24, 2020
Our experts discuss TRC’s integrated approach to renewable energy development.
TRC Companies Inc. Acquires 1Source Safety and Health
novembre 11, 2020
TRC Companies (« TRC”), a leading technology-driven provider of end-to-end engineering, consulting and construction management solutions, has acquired 1Source Safety and Health, a firm that provides management consulting services in areas such as indoor air quality, asbestos management, industrial hygiene and safety management systems.
Tom Dunder
Tom Dunder is Technical Director in the Air Management Services Division at TRC Companies in Raleigh, North Carolina where he performs and manages air pollutant testing programs. He has degrees in Chemistry from Columbia (A.B.), Rutgers (M.S.) and the University of North Carolina (Ph.D.). Tom has 29 years of experience in gaseous pollutant emissions measurements at a wide variety of industries (refineries, chemical plants, power plants, paper mills, etc.) with recent work in biomass/biogas processes and emerging pollutants like PFAS. Contact Tom at tdunder@trcsolutions.com.