Trichloroethylene TSCA Revision
On January 9, 2023, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revised the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) to reflect a new risk determination for trichloroethylene (TCE), indicating that TCE presents unreasonable health risks to workers, occupational non-users, consumers and bystanders. The EPA conducted a risk evaluation for TCE under its conditions of use (COUs) and determined that, as a “whole chemical substance”, TCE poses an unreasonable risk of injury to human health. This determination supersedes the previous use-specific no unreasonable risk determination previously issued by EPA.
Ten chemicals, including TCE, were selected to undergo a formal risk evaluation under the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act (Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act), which amended TSCA in 2016 to evaluate and ensure public protection.
The Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act ensures improvements such as:
- Mandatory requirement for the EPA to evaluate existing chemicals with clear and enforceable deadlines
- Risk-based chemical assessments
- Increased public transparency for chemical information
- Consistent source of funding for EPA to carry out the responsibilities under the new law
What is Trichloroethylene?
TCE is a volatile organic compound used in a wide range of consumer and commercial products. TCE can be found in the air, water and soil at or around sites where TCE is produced or used. Historically, TCE has been used in the United States for industrial degreasing.
Products Containing TCE:
- Dry Cleaning Spot
- Cleaners
- Degreasers
- Adhesives
- Rubber Fillers
- Lubricants
Risk Evaluation Process and Timeline
Considerations for Evaluation
52 of the 54 COUs evaluated for TCE supported the unreasonable risk determination of TCE as a “whole chemical substance.” When evaluating risk, EPA considered a whole chemical risk determination approach, which means EPA looked at all conditions of use at the same time, regardless of whether a specific use is regulated under other environmental statutes. The EPA’s determination of risk is based on high-end exposure estimates, which account for uncertainties related to a worker’s appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and assumes no PPE for occupational non-users.
Health effects resulting from TCE exposure can be severe and irreversible. Adverse effects noted by the EPA include:
- Developmental toxicity
- Reproductive toxicity
- Liver toxicity
- Kidney Toxicity
- Immunotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Cancer
Next Steps
The EPA will begin developing a risk management process to address and eliminate unreasonable risks presented by TCE, including:
- Regulatory action to ensure TCE will no longer present an unreasonable risk
- Focus risk management on the COUs that represent an unreasonable risks
Affected Workers and Occupational Non-user Sectors include manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade and professional and business services.
Risk Management
Given the evaluation that TCE poses an unreasonable health risk to workers and consumers, the EPA will likely propose regulations protective of the identified human health risks, such as worker protection requirements, or prohibiting some consumer uses.
There are several actions the EPA could take to address the unreasonable risk including prohibiting or limiting the manufacture, processing, distribution in the marketplace, commercial use or disposal of this chemical substance, and enacting worker protection requirements as applicable. Users should evaluate alternatives to TCE and monitor for developments on EPA risk management restrictions.
Conclusion
Although EPA has not taken action yet regarding its Unreasonable Risk Determination to workers, occupational non-users, consumers and bystanders, changes to worker protection requirements and limiting/prohibiting consumer use are eminent.
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Draft Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 1633: A Data User’s Perspective
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A review of Draft EPA Method 1633, Analysis of Per‐and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Aqueous, Solid, Biosolids, and Tissue Samples by LC‐MS/MS
PFOA & PFOS As CERCLA Hazardous Substances: What Does This Mean and How Can You Be Prepared?
février 17, 2022
A plan to designate two per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) as “hazardous substances” under CERCLA was recently submitted by the EPA.
New Phase I ESA Standard Will Affect Environmental Due Diligence
janvier 25, 2022
After years of review, revisions and discussions, the new ASTM E1527 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (Phase I ESA) standard has been published. The new standard includes updates to definitions, clarifications on processes and requirements, and guidance for emerging contaminants.
Fifth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule Lists 29 PFAS
janvier 21, 2022
EPA published fifth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule as required every five years and 29 of the 30 contaminants listed are PFAS.
Need help collecting PFAS samples for NJDEP deadline December 15?
octobre 7, 2021
NJDES Category B or L Industrial Permit holders – If you haven’t obtained your first PFAS sample yet, time is running out. All New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NJDES) Category B or L Industrial Permit holders are required by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Projection (NJDEP) to collect two representative effluent samples, taken 30 days apart, to be analyzed for PFAS by an approved laboratory and submitted to them by December 15, 2021.
Interpretation of “Waters of the United States” (WOTUS) Reverts to Pre-2015 Regulatory Definition
septembre 29, 2021
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) revert to pre-2015 regulatory program definition of “Waters of the United States.”
EPA Solicits Comments on PFAS Discharges in Five Point Source Categories
septembre 23, 2021
EPA solicits comments in five point source categories (PSCs) in the manufacture, use, treatment and discharge of PFAS.
PFAS Air Emissions Standards and Trends for Summer 2021
août 17, 2021
Environmental impacts of PFAS in ambient air leads to states implementing PFAS air-related thresholds.
Cryptocurrency: The Environmental Threats and Opportunities
août 9, 2021
Cryptocurrency (also known as crypto) is taking the fintech industry by storm, despite the economic experts who still dismiss it as a viable form of currency. Although often criticized for this volatility, whistleblowers are also further shining a light on the severe toll that these digital currencies are taking on the environment.
TRC Colorado PFAS Regulatory Update
juillet 21, 2021
Update on Colorado’s recent policies and plans to regulate new and historical discharges of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) into the environment.
2021 EPA TRI Reporting Requirements for Natural Gas Processing Facilities
juillet 12, 2021
Indication EPA finalizing a rule to add natural gas extraction or processing plants to EPCRA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) reporting.
Implementing bioremediation at environmental cleanup sites: TRC experts weigh in at leading industry conference
mai 17, 2021
TRC experts make several presentations at the Battelle conference about innovative approaches they have developed for implementing and monitoring bioremediation and the use of naturally-occurring or deliberately-introduced micro-organisms to break down environmental pollutants.
PFAS Compounds & Toxics Release Inventory
avril 26, 2021
The National Defense Authorization Act of 2020 added 172 PFAS compounds to the list of chemicals that must be evaluated for reporting.
PFAS Sampling Advisory on Aqueous Samples
avril 1, 2021
Advisory on collecting aqueous samples (e.g., groundwater, wastewater, stormwater, etc.) for PFAS analysis.
Interim Guidance on Destruction and Disposal of PFAS & Materials Containing PFAS
février 19, 2021
Interim Guidance from EPA identifies 6 materials that use or manufacture PFAS and approaches for disposal.
EPA Issues PFAS Air Emissions Draft Test Method OTM-45
février 5, 2021
First Air Emissions Draft Test for the Measurement of Selected Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Stationary Sources
Microplastics Fate and Transport
janvier 31, 2021
This presentation discusses the fate and transport of microplastics and provides case studies of microplastic sampling projects.
EPA continues to aggressively address PFAS wastewater with two new strategies
janvier 4, 2021
EPA takes steps toward PFAS wastewater and storm water permitting, and analytical methods for testing.
PFAS at Metal-Plating Facilities: Environmental Management and Regulatory Developments
novembre 13, 2020
TRC is a national leader in per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) characterization, research and technical consulting.
TRC Companies Inc. Acquires 1Source Safety and Health
novembre 11, 2020
TRC Companies (« TRC”), a leading technology-driven provider of end-to-end engineering, consulting and construction management solutions, has acquired 1Source Safety and Health, a firm that provides management consulting services in areas such as indoor air quality, asbestos management, industrial hygiene and safety management systems.
Ecological Risk of PFAS from AFFF-Impacted Sites
juin 30, 2020
The facts on evaluating exposure to wildlife
TRC’s Reporting Tool Can Help Identify New PFAS under the TRI
mai 19, 2020
While utilities often work in technical silos, NERC auditors are trained to cross check compliance evidence and data between interrelated standards.
World Health Organization Examines Danger of Microplastics in Drinking Water
novembre 5, 2019
There’s growing concern that microscopic plastic particles could be having a detrimental effect on drinking water quality.
Michigan Steps Up Fight Against PFAS Contamination
mai 8, 2018
Michigan is cracking down on PFAS contamination with a pair of new regulatory actions aimed at protecting the state’s water supply.
TRC fait l’acquisition de Paustenbach & Associates, un chef de file en toxicologie, en science de l’exposition et en évaluation des risques
août 27, 2024
Paustenbach & Associates élargira les capacités de TRC dans les domaines de l’évaluation des risques pour la santé et du soutien aux litiges.
Conseils de récupération LNAPL pour les milieux non consolidés
août 20, 2024
Le liquide léger de phase non aqueuse (LNAPL) est un contaminant des eaux souterraines qui n’est pas soluble dans l’eau.
L’EPA réduit le niveau de dépistage du plomb dans le sol résidentiel
février 12, 2024
L’Office of Land and Emergency Management de l’Environmental Protection Agency des États-Unis a publié les directives mises à jour sur le plomb de sol résidentiel pour les sites CERCLA et les installations de mesures correctives rcra
Les effets des SPFA sur la santé humaine
février 1, 2024
Il est essentiel de comprendre ce que les SPFA font au corps, car elles peuvent nuire à la santé humaine. Apprenez-en plus sur les effets des SPFA sur la santé avec les sociétés TRC dès aujourd’hui.
Déchloration du panache de solvant
Décembre 13, 2023
La déchloration anaérobie est un processus biologique qui se produit en l’absence d’oxygène et qui est principalement utilisé pour assainir les composés chlorés, tels que les solvants chlorés.
Assurance de la qualité par rapport au contrôle de la qualité : quelle est la différence et pourquoi est-ce important ?
novembre 17, 2023
Le système d’assurance de la qualité de TRC intègre des outils de contrôle de la qualité tels que la validation des données (DV) de routine et les évaluations de la convivialité des données (DUA).
Validation des données par rapport aux évaluations de la convivialité des données
octobre 19, 2023
La collecte de données environnementales est un processus qui comprend diverses étapes et phases
EPA Issues Clarification of Free Product Removal Requirements
juin 20, 2023
EPA recently clarified requirements for LNAPL recovery and remediation.
EPA Finds Trichloroethylene Presents Unreasonable Risk in Final Risk Evaluation
avril 6, 2023
On Jan 9, 2023, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revised the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) to reflect a new risk determination for trichloroethylene (TCE).
Proposed MCLGs and MCLs for PFAS
mars 15, 2023
Final Regulatory Determination for Contaminants on the Fourth Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List
Risk Communication Challenges for Emerging Issues
février 8, 2023
Risk communication is the exchange of real-time information, advice and opinions between experts and people facing threats to their health, economic or social well-being.
ASTM Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Updates
février 1, 2023
Environmental due diligence is the first step in identifying potential environmental liabilities prior to the acquisition of real estate or business transfers.
VaporSafe™ Continuous Air Monitoring Technology
janvier 9, 2023
VaporSafe™ continuous air monitoring technology can be used as a sustainable solution to identify a vapor intrusion pathway.
PFAS on the Move: Fate and Transport in Sediment
janvier 3, 2023
PFAS tend to sorb to sediment particles and organic matter, which settle at the bottom of a waterbody, creating a reservoir of PFAS that can cycle in the environment for decades.
Equipment Decontamination and Replacement of Legacy Aqueous Film Forming Foams
Décembre 21, 2022
Legacy AFFF used for firefighting are a significant source of PFAS in the environment. With current and expected regulation, many entities are looking for replacements.
Advanced NAPL Site Characterization Tools
Décembre 14, 2022
Advanced NAPL site characterization tools can improve site understanding and remediation performance.
What is TSCA and Why Should I Care?
Décembre 1, 2022
This presentation provides a historical background on TSCA, regulatory requirements, regulated industries and regulated substances.
Preparing Your RMP Facility for a Future of Extreme Weather
novembre 29, 2022
Facilities dealing with hazardous materials must prepare for extreme weather events that pose a risk to their operations and the community.
Washington State Establishes PFAS Cleanup Levels
septembre 21, 2022
The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) recently published a list of 6 PFAS compounds that now have soil and groundwater cleanup levels
New National Emerging Contaminants Research Initiative
septembre 12, 2022
The Executive Office of the President of the United States announced a National Emerging Contaminant Research Initiative
EPA Issues Proposed Rule Designating PFOA and PFOS as Hazardous Substances
septembre 7, 2022
The EPA has issued a pre-publication version of a proposed rule to designate two PFAS compounds as hazardous substances under CERCLA.
About Endotoxins
septembre 1, 2022
Levels of endotoxins have been associated with indoor air quality complaints and certain respiratory diseases in many types of buildings. Learn more.
How to Prevent Infectious Disease in the Workplace
septembre 1, 2022
There are various ways infectious diseases can spread throughout the workplace. Learn how they spread and what to do next to prevent ill-health.
PFAS Forensics – Identify the Source of PFAS
juillet 8, 2022
Forensics and source identification is necessary to detect the unique PFAS chemical signatures
EPA Announces Updated Drinking Water Health Advisories for Four PFAS Chemicals: PFOS, PFOA, PFBS, & GenX
juin 24, 2022
On June 15, 2022, the EPA released updated Health Advisory Levels for four per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water
TPH Risk-Based Strategies
mai 2, 2022
This presentation discusses recent developments in Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) risk-based strategies.
PFAS Compounds & Toxics Release Inventory
avril 26, 2021
The National Defense Authorization Act of 2020 added 172 PFAS compounds to the list of chemicals that must be evaluated for reporting.
Ecological Risk of PFAS from AFFF-Impacted Sites
juin 30, 2020
The facts on evaluating exposure to wildlife
TRC’s Reporting Tool Can Help Identify New PFAS under the TRI
mai 19, 2020
While utilities often work in technical silos, NERC auditors are trained to cross check compliance evidence and data between interrelated standards.
